Citation and Reference Style
Citation and Reference Style
Clear, numbered citations and verifiable references for reproducible scholarly communication in digital health and advanced biomaterials.
In-text citations
JDHAB uses a numbered citation system based on current Vancouver/NLM practice. In the JDHAB house style, citation numbers are Arabic numerals in superscript, placed immediately before the punctuation that closes the cited clause or sentence. Number sources consecutively in order of first appearance in the manuscript and reuse the same number whenever a source is cited again.
Use the most direct and authoritative source available for each statement. Authors should verify every reference against PubMed, the original publication, or another authoritative bibliographic record before submission.
The superscript presentation is JDHAB’s house style. The underlying rules for reference order, bibliographic elements, journal-title abbreviations, and source verification follow current ICMJE recommendations and the NLM Citing Medicine guidance.
Citations first appearing in tables or figures
A source cited for the first time in a table (including its notes) or figure (including its legend) receives the next available reference number when that table or figure is first identified in the main text. Within the item, assign new numbers in order of first appearance. Continue the reference sequence without restarting it. A source that already has a number retains it wherever it appears again.
If the sequence has reached 12 before Table 1 is first identified in the main text, the first new source cited only in Table 1 is 13 and the next is 14. If source 13 is cited later in the main text, it remains 13.
Reference list
List references in numerical order by first appearance in the manuscript. Every citation must correspond to a reference-list entry, and every listed reference must be cited. Do not restart numbering in sections, tables, figures, or supplementary files.
Prepare bibliographic entries according to JDHAB requirements, informed by the current ICMJE Recommendations and the National Library of Medicine’s Citing Medicine. Use the journal-title abbreviation recorded in the NLM Catalog or MEDLINE. Include the DOI as a resolvable https://doi.org/ link whenever available.
Reference examples
Hallal AH, Amortegui JD, Jeroukhimov IM, Casillas J, Schulman CI, Manning RJ, et al. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography accurately detects common bile duct stones in resolving gallstone pancreatitis. J Am Coll Surg. 2005 Jun;200(6):869-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2005.02.028.
Baldwin KB. An exploratory method of data retrieval from the electronic medical record for the evaluation of quality in healthcare [dissertation]. Chicago (IL): University of Illinois at Chicago, Health Sciences Center; 2004. 116 p.
Iverson C, Flanagin JA, Fontanarosa PB, Glass RM, Glitman R, Lantz JC, et al. American Medical Association manual of style: a guide for authors and editors. 9th ed. Baltimore (MD): Williams & Wilkins; c1998.
Reed JG, Baxter PM. Library use: handbook for psychology. 3rd ed. Washington: American Psychological Association; c2003. Chapter 2, Selecting and defining the topic; p. 11-25.
Editorial implementation
This citation and reference presentation applies to new submissions. Manuscripts already in review may be standardized during copyediting after acceptance; authors will review the proofs as part of the usual production process. Previously published articles and metadata will not be reformatted solely to apply this prospective style rule. Corrections to substantive citation or reference errors remain subject to the journal’s correction procedures.
For detailed requirements, consult the Instructions for Authors and the Manuscript Preparation Guide.
